Chapter 202

Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals

The following Topics and Sub-Topics are covered in this chapter and are available on MSVgo:

Introduction

You might have come across various and diverse forms of life on this earth while living your day to day life. Such an observation is made either by the naked eye or with the help of magnifying equipment such as lenses and microscopes. You would have also observed that such a description of these various forms of life is usually just that of the body features and shapes from the outside.

The cell is considered to be the most basic unit of life. You would have read the words that they are the smallest unit of life that are capable of performing life functions. Cells are quite unique in the sense that they get the purpose of what they are going to perform usually when they group together for a specific purpose. The living organisms are either composed of a lot of cells that are grouped together, known as a multicellular organism, or simply one single cell.

As mentioned above, when the cells group together to perform some specific function and have a similar structure. The word “tissue” has its origins in the old French verb, which means “to weave”. Tissues can be classified into four different types which are connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue and epithelial tissue. However, when it comes to plants, the tissues are classified into three types – ground tissue, vascular tissue and epidermal tissue.

Epithelial tissue, or epithelium, covers the surfaces of organs including the skin, the windpipe, the regenerative parcel, and the stomach related plot’s inward coating. It makes an obstruction that ensures organs, and it additionally has parts in engrossing water and supplements, disposing of waste, and discharging proteins or hormones.

This kind of tissue is unique in the sense that it can either divide or connect the tissues. This tissue is found in between all the tissues and organs in the human body. The tissue is made up of a unique gel-like substance that surrounds the cell from all sides and is made of ground substance and cells. Except for the lymph tissue and the blood tissue, most tissues are made up of fibres which are a kind of long and narrow protein. Fibres can be collagenous, which bind bones to tissues; flexible, which permit organs like the lungs to move; or reticular, which offer actual help to cells. Connective tissue additionally permits oxygen to diffuse from veins into cells.

Muscle tissue involves all the muscles in the body, and the particular idea of the tissue is the thing that permits muscles to contract. There are three sorts of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiovascular muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle secures ligaments to bones and permits the body to move. Cardiovascular muscle is found in the heart and agreements to siphon blood. Smooth muscle is found in the digestive organs, where it helps move food through the stomach related plot, and it is likewise found in different organs like veins, the uterus, and the bladder.

Sensory tissue, also called nervous tissues, are found in the cerebrum, spinal line, and fringe nerves, which are generally parts of the sensory system. It is composed of neurons, which are nerve cells, and neuroglia, which are cells that help nerve driving forces travel. Sensory tissue is gathered into four kinds: dim issue and white issue in the cerebrum, and nerves and ganglia in the fringe sensory system. The principal contrast among dark and white tissue is that axons of the neurons in dark tissue are unmyelinated, while in white tissue they are myelinated. Myelin is a white, greasy substance that protects neurons and is essential for the sensory system working.

The structural organisation of plants and animals is as diverse as it is beautiful. A study into the characteristics of the structural organisation of plants and animals reveals a lot of unique things which can be further used to advance research into various areas related to biology.

Q. What is the structural organisation of an animal?

The structural organisation flows from Cells to Tissues and then to Organs, before finally ending at the Organ System.

Q. What is the structural organisation of plants?

The plant structure is divided into three sections: Roots, Stems and Leaves.

Q. What is the main basis of difference in structural organisation between plants and animals?

The presence of unique cell structure is the main basis of difference in structural organisation between plants and animals.

Q. What are the levels of organisation in plants and animals?

Plants have 3 levels of structures, while animals have 4 levels of structures.

Q. What is structural organisation?

The organisation of a structure of an organism that begins from cell all the way to a multicellular organism is called a structural organisation.

The above topics are discussed briefly, and since the learnings are critical, you can also check out videos on the MSVgo website or the MSVgo app to understand the concepts behind them.

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