The following Topics and Sub-Topics are covered in this chapter and are available on MSVgo:
The following Topics and Sub-Topics are covered in this chapter and are available on MSVgo:
Introduction
In technical terms, reproduction is producing offspring that are biologically or genetically similar to the parent organism. In simple language, it means to reproduce. It is considered one of the paramount characteristics of life on earth as it helps ensure the progression of species. Today, we discuss the concept of reproduction; we hope you can understand the concept with this simplified lesson.
There are mainly two types of reproduction:
1. Asexual Reproduction:– When only a single organism gives birth to the new individual, this type of reproduction is called asexual Reproduction. It does not include any fusion of gametes. Unicellular organisms basically practice this type of reproduction.
Features of asexual reproduction
Types of asexual reproduction
2. Sexual Reproduction:– When the production of an offspring is through the fusion of two organisms, mainly male and female gametes. As compared to asexual reproduction, It is a complex and slow process as the organisms produced are genetically diverse. Both humans and multicellular organisms manifest this mode of reproduction.
Stages of Sexual Reproduction
It happened before fertilization and includes two processes—first, the gamete formation and other transfer of gamete. Sex cells are called gamete, and the male gamete is known as sperm, and the female gamete is called the ovum. The male gamete must be transferred for the purpose of fertilization as the female gamete is unmoving.
When a zygote is developed as haploid male and female gametes meet and fuse together, this process is called syngamy. It can take place either inside the body or outside the body. Fertilization can be both internal by humans and animals and external by fish or frog.
When a diploid zygote is formed, the zygote splits mitotically, and the embryo is developed as a result of fertilization. This process is known as embryogenesis. The cell tends to differentiate and alter through embryogenesis.
Sexual Reproduction In Plants:- Flowers are the sex parts of a plant that reproduce sexually. It involves the fusion of male gametes, pollen with female gametes, ovules. As a result, a zygote and an endosperm nucleus are formed and later grow into seeds and fruits.
Asexual Reproduction In Plants:- Some plants can reproduce asexually without the assistance of flowers or pollens. It is further divided into two types, such as:-
Advantage of asexual reproduction in plants
Sexual Reproduction In Animals:- It is one of the usual modes of reproduction in animals. It involves a union of a haploid sperm and haploid eggs to form a diploid zygote and have the same DNA as of the parent cells. Many invertebrates and parasites tend to reproduce through a self-fertilization process, in which they fertilize their eggs with their own sperm.
Asexual reproduction In Animals:- Single-celled animals tend to reproduce asexually. The modes of asexual reproduction in animals include gemmules, fragmentation, regeneration, and parthenogenesis.
It is an offshoot of asexual reproduction in which the parent organism breaks into many parts, and each part grows into a new individual. Such as Planaria. One of the drawbacks of this method is that it does not produce genetic diversity. As a result, they are more vulnerable to diseases and other parasites. It is also called the splitting method of reproduction.
It is also a part of asexual reproduction under which from spores, a new organism is born. The proliferation of sporogenesis happens without fertilization and it disperses through air and animals. All spores look identical and grow individually in a homosporous organism and have reproductive parts of both the sex. The micropores give birth to males, whereas megaspores give birth to a female.
The study of reproduction has played a significant role in analyzing sexual reproduction evolution among various species. Reproduction is one of the easy topics and the most crucial chapter for exams. To learn more about it, check out the MSVgo app and its official site. The MSVgo philosophy is to enable a core understanding of any concept. The video library of the app explains concepts with examples or explanatory visualizations or animations, happy learning. This helps you not only understand concepts, but it’s an excellent choice for revising during the exams. Have a look and get it to know about it yourself!
