The entire process of preparation of food undergoes various steps and processes. The process starts with agriculture cultivated crops to the uses of bacteria in the food industry to prepare various food products. 

Your surrounding has various kinds of animals and plants which can be used for your consumption. The plants provide us with vegetables, fruits, pulses, grains, nuts, whereas the animals provide us with milk, meat, eggs, chicken, etc.

Using chemicals for yielding a huge amount of vegetables led to giving the output, but it leads to the destruction of crops’ quality. Organic farming has kept a steady pace of productivity of crops for human consumption and has even improved the quality of food products.

There are various kinds of processes through which food production is done for human consumption. Food is obtained in the form of raw materials, and not all of them can be consumed in that state by human beings. There are various kinds of processes involved to convert the raw materials into finished products for consumption:

• Agriculture – Farming plays a crucial role in producing food for human consumption. The vegetables and fruits consumed by you are cultivated through agriculture. With organic farming and the green revolution, the production of food has increased. Horticulture is a part of agriculture that deals with the cultivation of fruits, vegetables and certain ornamental plants.The organic way of horticulture involves cultivating vegetables and fruits without the use of any pesticides and artificial fertilisers. Various kinds of crops are grown all over the country for consumption. Different regions grow different crops all year round so that people can have an abundant amount of food.
• Animal Rearing – Various products can be obtained from different animals. With cows, buffaloes, and other dairy animals, you can get milk from which various dairy products are made for consumption. The bacteria converts the milk into various products for human consumption. The eggs and meat from hens and the meat from goats and lambs provide a significant addition to food consumption. Animals are reared all over the country for food production and other uses.Nowadays, people have moved from a conventional way of rearing animals to an organic way of rearing animals. Dairy farms, poultry farms, fish farming, and bee farming have been working under organic animal husbandry where the animals are reared organically. No synthetic products or drugs are fed to the animals to increase the yield and, as a result, decrease the health and nutrient content of the animal.
• Uses of bacteria and other microorganisms in the food industry– Different microorganisms are used to prepare various kinds of food products. The usage of fungi in the manufacture of food has led to the production of various kinds of food products. This is used as a food product like mushrooms, truffles, and morels, and derivatives like mycoproteins which are used to make different food products.The importance Of Mushrooms And Yeast In the Food Industry has given a boost in food production for human consumption. Using yeasts, fungi, moulds, and bacteria has been used to make food products like bread, vinegar, yoghurt, cheese, alcohol, and is also used in fermenting fish and meat products for preservation purposes.

The period in agriculture when the productivity of crops increased because of new technologies is known as the green revolution. The chemical fertilisers used in agriculture helped to increase the yield of crops drastically. The technologically advanced synthetic fertilisers and pesticides helped in controlling the growth of weeds, killing insects and improving productivity. 

Besides the increase in yield of crops because of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, agriculture under the green revolution has also provided multiple crops on the same land with the same effort. This helped in reducing the production cost and provided an abundant amount of food for consumption. 

Growing more food on the same land helped reduce the use of forest or natural land for agriculture. This is clearly stated by the data taken from 1961 to 2008 where the population grew by 100%, and along with that, the food production increased by 150%, but the amount of forest and natural land used for it is increased by a meagre 10%.

Organic farming is a way of farming where ecologically-based pesticides and fertilisers are used to yield crops. The vegetables and fruits cultivated through them are known as organic vegetables and organic fruits. The birth of organic farming took place as conventional farming used too many fertilisers and pesticides, which caused environmental harm as well to human beings. 

Organic farming uses fewer amounts of pesticides and fertilisers as compared to conventional farming. It helps in reducing soil erosion and helps to decrease nitrate leaching into groundwater. 

The cost of organic products is higher than the products grown from conventional farming, but the products are high in nutrients and less harmful as there are not yielded using harmful chemicals.

The National Centre of Organic farming is a government organisation that promotes and sets guidelines for organic farming. Proper training and the use of materials for the yield of organic crops are done in this institute. The centre is headquartered in Ghaziabad, UP.

With the increase in technology and methods, food production has increased many folds. Nowadays, we get all kinds of vegetables and fruits all year. Using various fertilisers has increased the yield of crops. Using different kinds of yeast and moulds provide people with different food products for consumption. With processes like animal husbandry, various food products are prepared in different animal farms for production.