Why do we fall ill? Page 178 NCERT Solutions:

1. State any two conditions essential for good health.

A: Two conditions necessary for good health are:

1. Good physical, mental, and social conditions of living and well-being.

2. A healthy and safe environment or surroundings along with a healthy lifestyle.

 

2. State any two conditions essential for being free of disease.

A:  Two conditions essential for being free of disease are: 

1. Hygienic living conditions and good personal hygiene.

2. Healthy and nutritious food.

 

3. Are the answers to the above questions necessarily the same or different? Why?

A: The answers to these questions are not necessarily the same because being healthy and disease-free are two different things. A person might not have any disease, but this does not ensure that they are healthy as it involves feeling mentally, socially, or physically fit.

Why do we fall ill? Page 180 NCERT Solutions:

1. List any three reasons you think you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor? Why or why not?

A: There could be many reasons or discomforts that might make us feel sick. Three such reasons/symptoms are:

1. Fever

2. Loose motions

3. Headache or body ache

These symptoms cause discomfort but do not directly indicate a particular disease or ailment. Hence, to understand the cause behind the discomfort, we must visit a doctor at the earliest. 

 

2. In which of the following cases do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant?

• if you get jaundice,

• if you get lice,

• if you get acne. Why?

A: Among all the cases mentioned above, jaundice is most likely to have long-term health effects because it falls under chronic disease. It directly impacts our liver, which can cause further ailments in future. On the other hand, acne and lice are acute diseases that can be easily cured. Hence, they would not leave any long-term effects on our health.

Why do we fall ill? Page 187 NCERT Solutions:

 

1. Why are we usually advised to consume bland and nourishing food when sick?

A: When we are sick, the body loses its original strength. Our immunity is struggling, and we need to eat good, nourishing food to support the immune system and ensure a speedy recovery. Moreover, our digestive system is not functioning well during sickness. Hence, we are advised to consume easily digestible and bland food to prevent overworking the system.

2. What are the different means by which infectious diseases spread?

A: Diseases can spread through various mediums. They are:

1. Air: Contagious diseases like cough and cold, tuberculosis, etc.

2. Water: Water-borne diseases like cholera, typhoid, etc. 

3. Pathogens: Vector-borne diseases like dengue, malaria, etc.

4. Direct contact: Diseases caused by shaking hands or coming in direct contact with an infected person like skin diseases, fungal infections, etc.

5. Sexual contact: Diseases caused by sexual contact such as AIDS, syphilis, etc.

6. Food: Eating unhygienic food causes diarrhoea, dysentery, etc.

3. What precautions can you take in school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?

A: Precautions to reduce infectious diseases are:

1. Do not share personal belongings like handkerchiefs.

2. Regularly wash your hands before and after visiting the toilet.

3. Ensure proper ventilation.

4. Refrain from going to school if one is infected with a communicable disease.

5. Ensure the toilet and surroundings are clean and sanitized.

6. Prevent water stagnation as it could help breed vectors like mosquitoes.

4. What is immunization?

A: Immunization is the process of making the body immune to certain diseases by introducing a similar or weaker substance in the human body that mimics the microbe originally responsible for causing the infection through vaccination. This makes the body's immune system generate antibodies to fight the disease if it gets infected in the future.

5. What immunization programmes are available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area?

A: Immunization programmes available are as follows:

In my area, diseases like typhoid and tuberculosis are pretty common, thus making them a major problem.